Tertiary regulation of cascaded run‐of‐the‐river hydropower in the islanded renewable power system considering multi‐timescale dynamics

To enable power supply in rural areas and to exploit clean energy, fully renewable systems consisting of cascaded run-of-the-river hydropower volatile energies such as pv wind are built around the world. In islanded operation mode, primary secondary frequency control, i.e., hydro governors automatic generation control (AGC), responsible for stability. However, due limited water storage capacity river dynamics constraints, without coordination between plants, traditional AGC with fixed participation factors cannot adjustability hydropower. When imbalances energy load occur, shedding can be inevitable. address this issue, paper proposes a coordinated tertiary approach by jointly considering system that couples plants. The timescales very different. unify multi-timescale establish model predictive controller coordinates relation parameters turbine discharge over time interval is approximated data-based second-order polynomial surrogate model. plants optimising receding-horizon manner, minimised. Simulation real-life real-time data collected on site shows proposed method significantly reduces loss under volatility.